A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets.The unit cell of the diamond crystal.The diamond crystal bond structure gives the gem its hardness and differentiates it from graphite.Diamond, Cubic-F lattice, with a motif of C (0,0,0) and C (1/4,1/4,1/4).
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Diamonds

Diamond is one of the two best known forms (or allotropes) of carbon, whose hardness and high dispersion of light make it useful for industrial applications and jewelry (the other equally well known allotrope is graphite). more...

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Diamonds are specifically renowned as a mineral with superlative physical qualities - they make excellent abrasives because they can only be scratched by other diamonds, which also means they hold a polish extremely well and retain luster. About 130 million carats (26,000 kg) are mined annually, with a total value of nearly USD $9 billion.

The name "diamond" derives from the ancient Greek adamas (αδάμας; "impossible to tame"). They have been treasured as gems since their use as religious icons in India at least 2,500 years ago—and usage in drill bits and engraving tools also dates to early human history. Popularity of diamonds has risen since the 19th century because of improved cutting and polishing techniques, and they are commonly judged by the "four Cs": carat, clarity, color, and cut. Although nearly four times the mass of natural diamonds are produced as synthetic diamond each year, the vast majority of synthetic diamond production remains small, imperfect diamonds suitable only for industrial-grade use, with gem-quality synthetic diamonds only recently becoming available.

Most natural diamonds originate from central and southern Africa, although significant sources of the mineral have been discovered in Canada, Russia, Brazil, and Australia. They are generally mined from volcanic pipes, which are deep in the Earth where the high pressure and temperature enables the formation of the crystals. The mining and distribution of natural diamonds are subjects of frequent controversy—such as with concerns over the sale of conflict diamonds by African paramilitary groups. There are also allegations that the De Beers Group misuses its dominance in the industry to control supply and manipulate price via monopolistic practices.

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Sterling Silver And Morpho Butterfly Wing Brooch/Pin $83.05 Vintage Silver And Murano Glass Tea Pot Charm $4.97
Vintage Sterling 3-D San Francisco Cable Car Charm Move $3.99 Victorian W&H Co Rose Gold Filled Locket $75.00
Nettie Rosenstien Silver Guilt / Paste Crown Clip $58.13 14k gold vintage Bamberg Germany charm Bamberger horse $157.00
18K Gold Oval Carnelian Ring Size 7 1/2 No Reserve $76.00 14k gold rare vintage opening Moon & Earth charm Space $557.00
Vintage Carved French Jet Victorian Earrings Q227 $76.40 Nice Vintage Sterling Charm,X 2 $12.99
Antique Art Nouveau Gold Spinel Flower Necklace Vintage $595.00 Vintage 9ct Gold & Palladium Ring, Size M.5 $77.50
Siam Dancers Sterling Silver Earrings Superb Detail $7.99 Art Nouveau Krementz 14K Enamel Lotus Pin, c. 1900 $650.00
Great Vtg 70s Zz Sterling Silver Cutout Love Charm Nr $0.99 Antique 1904 English Sterling Silver 9K Signed Brooch $10.49
Lovely Vintage Engraved Rolled Gold Large Oval Locket $22.41 Sterling Silver Mask Clear Rhinstones Etching Pin $65.00
Vintage Garnet And 14K Gold Ladies Ring Size 3.5 - Exc! $150.00 14K Victorian Carved Cameo Carnelian Watch Fob $199.00
Vintage Angel Skin Coral 14Kt + 10Kt Gold Earrings $45.00 Nice Vintage Sterling Silver Freshwater Pearl Earrings $5.75
Vintage Articulated Sterling Silver Fish Pendant Chain $21.58 Fine Vintage Estate Jewelry 18K Gold Heart Brooch Pin $589.00
Vintage Sterling Silver Wedgwood Charm $4.97 Collection Of 9Silver/Marcasite/Enamel Vintage Brooches $51.49
Diamond 14Kt Gold Estate Ring $899.99 Sterling Silver Aquamarine Ring $9.99
Gorgeous Vintage Diamond 14K White Gold ring, .97 ct $750.00 Victorian Whitby Jet Bracelet With Floral Centrepiece $74.74
Vtg T & Co 925 Sterling Link Necklace Germany Unisex $35.00 Collection Of 9 Sterling Silver Vintage Brooches $68.10
Antique Victorian Mourning Locket Watch Necklace Chain $22.50 Vintage Early Plastic And Pearl Brooch $16.59
Sweet Vtg Rhinestone/Amethyst Gold Turtle/Tortie Brooch $4.97 *Rare Victorian Amethyst Filigree Rg 800 Silver Choker* $52.00
Fine Vintage Estate Coral Flowers Gold Ring Jewelry $895.00 Decorative Victorian Style Locket And Silver Chain $24.90
Art Nouveau Silver Brooch by Charles Horner $22.42 Antique Charming 14K Gold And Amethest Pin $500.00
Vintage Silver And Murano Glass Jug Charm $4.97 Big! Vintage! Heavy 18K! 10.5Ct Blue Topaz Ring Sz 9.25 $699.00
Art Deco Sterling Silver Guillioche Brooch/Pin-1917 $24.90 Vintage Art Deco Silver Mother Pearl Checked Cufflinks $68.11
Vintage Ladies 10K Yellow Gold Black Onyx Diamond Ring $30.00 Vintage Reu 800 Silver Enamel Wiesbaden Shield Charm $1.99
Pretty Vintage 9Ct Gold & Cultured Pearl Brooch Q231 $8.29
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Prices current as of last update, 11/07/09 1:34pm.

See also...
Art Nouveau/Art Deco 1895-1935, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Designer, Signed, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Georgian, Pre-1837, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Men's, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Other Vintage, Antique, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Retro, Vintage 1940s-1980s, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Victorian, Edwardian 1837-1910, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry

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