A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets.The unit cell of the diamond crystal.The diamond crystal bond structure gives the gem its hardness and differentiates it from graphite.Diamond, Cubic-F lattice, with a motif of C (0,0,0) and C (1/4,1/4,1/4).
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Diamonds

Diamond is one of the two best known forms (or allotropes) of carbon, whose hardness and high dispersion of light make it useful for industrial applications and jewelry (the other equally well known allotrope is graphite). more...

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Diamonds are specifically renowned as a mineral with superlative physical qualities - they make excellent abrasives because they can only be scratched by other diamonds, which also means they hold a polish extremely well and retain luster. About 130 million carats (26,000 kg) are mined annually, with a total value of nearly USD $9 billion.

The name "diamond" derives from the ancient Greek adamas (αδάμας; "impossible to tame"). They have been treasured as gems since their use as religious icons in India at least 2,500 years ago—and usage in drill bits and engraving tools also dates to early human history. Popularity of diamonds has risen since the 19th century because of improved cutting and polishing techniques, and they are commonly judged by the "four Cs": carat, clarity, color, and cut. Although nearly four times the mass of natural diamonds are produced as synthetic diamond each year, the vast majority of synthetic diamond production remains small, imperfect diamonds suitable only for industrial-grade use, with gem-quality synthetic diamonds only recently becoming available.

Most natural diamonds originate from central and southern Africa, although significant sources of the mineral have been discovered in Canada, Russia, Brazil, and Australia. They are generally mined from volcanic pipes, which are deep in the Earth where the high pressure and temperature enables the formation of the crystals. The mining and distribution of natural diamonds are subjects of frequent controversy—such as with concerns over the sale of conflict diamonds by African paramilitary groups. There are also allegations that the De Beers Group misuses its dominance in the industry to control supply and manipulate price via monopolistic practices.

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Estate 14K Yellow Gold Charm:Emerald & Diamonds,1950'sEstate 14K Yellow Gold Charm:Emerald & Diamonds,1950's $189.99 Vintage 14kt White Gold Diamond Filigree Art Deco Ring Vintage 14kt White Gold Diamond Filigree Art Deco Ring $159.00
9Ct Gold R Pendant9Ct Gold R Pendant $24.91 Peacock Pearls & Rose Cameo Long Shabby Pink NecklacePeacock Pearls & Rose Cameo Long Shabby Pink Necklace $17.99
*Very Old Sterling Marcasite & Clear Crystal Charm**Very Old Sterling Marcasite & Clear Crystal Charm* $6.95 Number One Botkin Sterling 1.5" Vintage Pendant/ChainNumber One Botkin Sterling 1.5" Vintage Pendant/Chain $5.99
Dazzling Vintage 14K Gold Diamond Filigree Ring, 11grDazzling Vintage 14K Gold Diamond Filigree Ring, 11gr $650.00 Vintage Rhinestone Earrings Marked Van Dell SterlingVintage Rhinestone Earrings Marked Van Dell Sterling $2.99
Antique Silver Plique A Jour Cherub Heart Charm PendantAntique Silver Plique A Jour Cherub Heart Charm Pendant $40.42 Vintage 1940s Silver Working Cow Bell Western CharmVintage 1940s Silver Working Cow Bell Western Charm $9.99
Unusual Antique Sterling Tiffany Pendant-Commemorative?Unusual Antique Sterling Tiffany Pendant-Commemorative? $39.50 Vintage Sterling 925 Brooch/Pin Cat RestingVintage Sterling 925 Brooch/Pin Cat Resting $9.99
Vintage Garnet & Seed Pearl Stick Pin 9Ct GoldVintage Garnet & Seed Pearl Stick Pin 9Ct Gold $1.73 Victorian 18K Gold Pearl And Diamond Pin/BroochVictorian 18K Gold Pearl And Diamond Pin/Brooch $360.00
Vintage Sapphire Emerald Filigree Retro Huge Gold Ring Vintage Sapphire Emerald Filigree Retro Huge Gold Ring $175.00 Vintage 18kyg/925 Italian Twisted Cable necklaceVintage 18kyg/925 Italian Twisted Cable necklace $59.99
Edwardian Antique Filigree 14K White Gold Amethyst RingEdwardian Antique Filigree 14K White Gold Amethyst Ring $46.99 3.70Ct Exclusive Columbian Emerald Diamond Earrings 18K3.70Ct Exclusive Columbian Emerald Diamond Earrings 18K $1,589.00
Vintage Silver Pearl Marcasite Ring,925,Ddy, Beauty!Vintage Silver Pearl Marcasite Ring,925,Ddy, Beauty! $14.99 Vintage Pink Cameo Ring Set In 10K Yellow GoldVintage Pink Cameo Ring Set In 10K Yellow Gold $59.95
Fine Vintage Estate Pearl Garnet Brooch Pin 14K GoldFine Vintage Estate Pearl Garnet Brooch Pin 14K Gold $399.00 Vintage Beau Sterling Charm*Happy Birthday Cake &CandleVintage Beau Sterling Charm*Happy Birthday Cake &Candle $6.99
Stunning Charm Bracelet &36 Walt Disney Charms N/RStunning Charm Bracelet &36 Walt Disney Charms N/R $99.99 18K Gold Antique Vintage Ladies Emerald Diamond Ring18K Gold Antique Vintage Ladies Emerald Diamond Ring $395.00
Birmingham 1894 Silver Agate & Bloodstone Watch FobBirmingham 1894 Silver Agate & Bloodstone Watch Fob $16.60 Vin Art Deco Sil Marcasite Ring Size ' Q ' Sig ' Lj 'Vin Art Deco Sil Marcasite Ring Size ' Q ' Sig ' Lj ' $9.14
Vintage Estate Yellow Gold Fire Agate Ring Fine JewelryVintage Estate Yellow Gold Fire Agate Ring Fine Jewelry $689.00 Estate 14K White Gold O.40ct Diamond Ring Size 5 1/2 !Estate 14K White Gold O.40ct Diamond Ring Size 5 1/2 ! $155.00
Platinum 18K Gold 5.90ct Diamond Wedding Band Ring !Platinum 18K Gold 5.90ct Diamond Wedding Band Ring ! $2,995.00 Estate 15Ct Aquamarine Pearl 14Kt Gold Vintage Brooch Estate 15Ct Aquamarine Pearl 14Kt Gold Vintage Brooch $449.00
Vintage Diamond Jade Unique 14Kt Gold Ring No Reserve Vintage Diamond Jade Unique 14Kt Gold Ring No Reserve $149.00 antique sterling silver enamel Santa Maria pinantique sterling silver enamel Santa Maria pin $32.00
Vintage Modernist Cuff Links By Jorgen Jensen Denmark!Vintage Modernist Cuff Links By Jorgen Jensen Denmark! $15.49 Elegant T & C0. Designer Sterling Earrings -SgnElegant T & C0. Designer Sterling Earrings -Sgn $249.00
Estate Antique Opal Neckclace 14Kt Gold Pendant Brooch Estate Antique Opal Neckclace 14Kt Gold Pendant Brooch $869.00 Vintage Antique Filigree 14K White Gold Amethyst RingVintage Antique Filigree 14K White Gold Amethyst Ring $88.70
Long Classic Charm Bracelet 14K Gold Vintage 1960's Long Classic Charm Bracelet 14K Gold Vintage 1960's $467.00 Rare Vintage Modernist Silver & Enamel Signed PendantRare Vintage Modernist Silver & Enamel Signed Pendant $10.12
Vintage 14K Yellow Gold, Gemstones 3D House Charm CharmVintage 14K Yellow Gold, Gemstones 3D House Charm Charm $475.00  Sterling Enameled Mother Charm With A Rose Sterling Enameled Mother Charm With A Rose $9.99
Stunning Peacock Cameo & Pearls Antique Locket NecklaceStunning Peacock Cameo & Pearls Antique Locket Necklace $25.00 Antique Deco Diamond 18k Gold Filigree Cocktail Ring NrAntique Deco Diamond 18k Gold Filigree Cocktail Ring Nr $395.00
Victorian Scarab Etruscan Bracelet and Ring SetVictorian Scarab Etruscan Bracelet and Ring Set $10.99 Vintage Sterling Marcasite Hummingbird Brooch Mint HugeVintage Sterling Marcasite Hummingbird Brooch Mint Huge $19.99
Silver Key Charm .925 Sterling BeautifulSilver Key Charm .925 Sterling Beautiful $4.99 Estate 18K Gold Diamond Sapphire Bangle Bracelet !Estate 18K Gold Diamond Sapphire Bangle Bracelet ! $375.00
Estate Diamond Flush Set White Gold Diamond Band Sz 7.5Estate Diamond Flush Set White Gold Diamond Band Sz 7.5 $895.00 Fab Vintage 30 Inch Freshwater Pearl Necklace With GoldFab Vintage 30 Inch Freshwater Pearl Necklace With Gold $24.99
Victorian Brass Swivel Brooch With White DovesVictorian Brass Swivel Brooch With White Doves $36.57 Vintage Silver Enamel Shield Charm TexasVintage Silver Enamel Shield Charm Texas $10.95
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Prices current as of last update, 11/20/09 1:44pm.

See also...
Art Nouveau/Art Deco 1895-1935, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Designer, Signed, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Georgian, Pre-1837, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Men's, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Other Vintage, Antique, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Retro, Vintage 1940s-1980s, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry
Victorian, Edwardian 1837-1910, Diamonds, Fine Vintage Jewelry

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